PORTUGAL \ PORTUGUESE

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English Camões in Green Morocco

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•  Sonnets and canzones by the legendary Portuguese poet and playwright, translated into English by Percy Clinton Sydney Smythe, Viscount Strangford, a notable Lusophile who served as a diplomat in Lisbon — here in an attractive fourth edition.

Binding:  Contemporary dark green straight-grain morocco, spine with gilt-stamped rules, rolls, and devices. Covers framed with a delicately curly gilt-rolled border; the center panels, within, accented by gilt-stamped corner fleurons. A bit of additional filigree in blind appears both within the rules of the gilt border and within the border on each center panel, to nice subtle effect. Gilt inner dentelles. All edges gilt.

•  NSTC C355.   Binding as above, leather rubbed at edges and joints, spine a bit dimmed. Front pastedown with armorial bookplate of John Allan Powell; front fly-leaf with inked inscription dated 1922. A few spots of foxing, pages otherwise clean. A pretty and very English production for this Portuguese poet.  A charming volume.  (23077)

Portugal's Colonial Economies & Commerce, Studied by aBrazilian

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•  Azeredo Coutinho (1742–1821) was born into a very well-to-dosugar-growing and landowning family in the captaincy of Rio de Janeiro. His primary and secondary education was in Brazil. He spent his early adulthood learning about the mining industry in Minas Gerais and about his family's sugar business, which he inherited in 1768 at the age of 26. But his ambitions lay elsewhere, and in 1775 at the age of 33 he went to Portugal and enrolled in the recently revised canon law program at the Coimbra University.

In 1780 he graduated with a degree in canon law and continued in Portugal, being elected to the Royal Academy of Sciences in 1792. In 1798 he left Lisbon for Olinda, Pernambuco, where he served as the bishop (1794–1806). While there he founded a renowned seminary based on Enlightenment principles instilled in him at Coimbra.

As an Enlightenment figure and also still an owner of significant sugar-producing land, Azeredo Coutinho unsurprisingly was interested in the economic underpinning of Portugal and its colonies, especially Brazil; during his years in Portugal he wrote against legislation that would adversely effect thesugar, salt, cacao, and other export crops of Brazil and other colonies. His detailed analysis, the Ensaio economico sobre o comercio de Portugal e suas colonias, appeared in 1794 and is now a rare book. In it he lays out the facts about the Brazilian export economy and combatsMontesquieu's silly, but nonetheless celebrated and universally received, theory of climates.

This “segunda edição, corrigida, e accrescentada pelo mesmo auctor” was revised in Portugal where Azeredo Coutinho was living following his recall in 1802. The text has some corrections and whole paragraphs and areas have been rewritten, or expanded with new information or arguments. Even the footnotes, where Azeredo Coutinho has set forth considerable personal observations on all aspects of life and people in Brazil, are expanded.

It must be emphasized that while much of the volume addresses Brazil, the Portuguese colonies in Asia and Africa are also studied.

Provenance:  Late 19th- or early 20th-century bookplate of the Visconde de Moreita de Rey.

•  Goldsmiths'-Kress 21406.8; Inocencio, IV, 384/6; Borba de Moraes, Bibliographia brasiliana, I, 23; Archivo biográfico de España, Portugal e Iberoamérica, fiche 242, 428–34; Sabin 17949 (for first edition; the second not listed). Burns, “The Role of Azeredo Coutinho in the Enlightenment of Brazil,” The Hispanic American Historical Review, 44. 2 (May, 1964), pp. 145–60.   Contemporary mottled sheep (“pasta espanola”), gilt spine with red leather gilt label, plain boards; some worming, this reaching in to some areas of front free endpaper but not text. A sound, clean, nice copy.  (40065)

“We Shall LoseOur WHOLE Income of Mony from Abroad

•  Generally attributed to Francis Hare, Bishop of Chichester, this anonymously published political analysis expresses concern not only that putting the Duke of Anjou on the Spanish throne would tilt the balance of power in Europe too far towards France, but also that such action would greatly damage the livelihoods of English textile workers, among others dependent on international commerce; also questioned areSwift’s views on the ramifications of trade with Portuguese America. This is the second, expanded edition.

•  ESTC T58140; Alden & Landis, European Americana, 711/126; Teerink-Scouten 1034. Blue-green paper wrappers, old style. Title-page with small numeric stamp, faint traces of other annotations. Small area of worming in inner margins, touching a very few letters. A few scattered spots, otherwise clean; edges untrimmed.  (6369)

Victim of Pombal & the Inquisition — His Book Banned
& VirtuallyALL Copies Destroyed

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•  Malagrida (1689–1761) was a missionary to Brazil (1721–49), a famous preacher, an Italian Jesuit, and like all Jesuits, a thorn in the side of Prime Minister Pombal; ultimately, he was an unfortunate innocent in the Távora affair.

The present work put Malagrida in Pombal's cross-hairs: In it he says the 1755 Lisbon earthquake was God's punishment visited a sinful people. Pombal resented the implicit criticism of his government and persuaded King José to banish Malagrida in November 1756 and, at the same time, to bar all Jesuits from the royal court.

Matters worsened for Malagrida in September, 1758, following the supposed attempted assassination of the king when he was returning from a visit to his mistress. (The real target of the attackers may well have been the king's chamberlain!) The attackers said under torture that they acted on orders of the Távora family, who were plotting to put the Duke of Aveiro on the throne. Pombal hated the Távoras and their power and influence, and was determined to destroy them as well as their circle, which included Malagrida, personal confessor of Marquise Leonor Tomásia de Távora, Andhe succeeded in killing virtually the entire family, confiscating their wealth, razing their properties, and salting the area where they were burned at the stake. All via rigged trials he staged!

At Malagrida's criminal trial he was found guilty of treason and sentenced to die; but because of his ecclesiastical status only the Inquisition could put him to death and the Inquisitors overruled the criminal court. Pombal replaced the judges with others favorable to him and eventually Malagrida was found guilty of heresy, hypocrisy, false prophecies, impostures, and various other heinous crimes. He was garroted and burned at the stake. His Juizo da verdadeira causa do terremoto wasvery successfully suppressed and banned by royal decree (Mémoires de Pombal, IV, 150–53).

Searches of NUC, WorldCat, COPAC, KVK, CCPBE, PROBASE, and the OPACs of the French and Spanish national libraries located only two U.S. libraries (Newberry, Harvard) and three foreign ones (British Library, University of Sao Paulo, Portuguese National Library) reporting ownership.

•  Inocêncio III. 106; Ameal 1424; Palha 3408; DeBacker-Sommervogel, V, 395.   20th-century boards with light blue-green mottled paper covering. Title-page damaged at inner margin and mounted; several leaves with old worm damage, repaired with yellowing and with affected or lost letters inexpertly (but not eye-catchingly) supplied in pen and ink. Text browned overall. Less than an ideal copy, butone of the few surviving ones and that for significant reasons!  (40435)

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Curiosities & Wonders — European, African, *&* American

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•  Mascarenha (1670-1760), a prolific writer on a plethora of topics, here compiles, edits, and when necessary, translates accounts of curiosities and wonders from America, Africa, and Europe found in various newspaper items and letters. The account from America recounts a curious rain storm near New Castle, Delaware.

Provenance:  From the residue of the stock of the F. Thomas Heller bookselling firm (est. ca. 1928).

Searches of NUC and WorldCat locate only five U.S. libraries reporting ownership.

•  Silva, Diccionário bibligrafico portugueza, 4:346.   Self-wrappers. Very good.  (39722)

Colonial Brazilian Medical Work

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•  The true first edition: The copies with 1741 on the title-page were actually printed in 1752, as the dates of the licences clearly demonstrate. Also, those copies are, as expected with a second edition, in smaller format, i.e., quarto.

Cardoso de Miranda was a “cirurgiam approvado, natural da Freguezia de S. Martinho de Cambres junto á cidade de Lamego, e de presente assistente nesta da Bahia de todos os Santos” as proclaimed on the title-page. He also practiced medicine in Minas Geraes, and owned a galleon engaged in commerce with Africa. His work covers the treatment of tropical diseases, fevers, gonorrhea, scurvy, etc. The text includes letters addressed to the author from various Brazilian physicians, along with a tribute in verse addressed to the book itself.

Borba de Moraes writes of the Relaçaõ cirurgica: “a famous book of Brazilian medicine. The text is seldom studied because of the rarity of both editions.” Searches of NUC and WorldCat find only three U.S. libraries (RPJCB, DNLM, NNNAM) reporting ownership of the first edition.

Binding:  Modern calf excellently executed in the18th-century style, gilt extra spine with red leather gilt label; boards with modestly elegant gilt roll at perimeter of boards, plain endpapers.

•  Alden & Landis 747/30; Borba de Moraes, Bibliographia brasiliana (1983 ed.), p. 572; Silva, Diccionário bibliografico portuguez, III, p. 338 (J582); Blake, NLM 18th Century, p. 78.   Binding as above, in excellent condition. Complex stain in inner margins beginning at half-title and extending to folio [21] of the preliminaries, ever diminishing, else very nice throughout and handsomely printed.  (39971)

The War of the Seven Reductions & Other Matters

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•  A translation into Neo-Latin of Relaçaõ abbreviada da republica, que os religiosos Jesuitas . . . estabeleceraõ nos dominios ultramarinos [etc.] published at Lisbon in 1757, and written by or at the instance of Minister Pombal. It was part of this minister's platform to reduce the power of the Jesuits and to remove them from the Portuguese empire; and without a doubt the immediate impetus for this work was the War of the Seven Reductions (i.e, the Guarani War) that pitted the combined forces of Spain and Portugal against the Guarani living in seven Jesuit reductions in Paraguay.

This was, both in the Portuguese and the Latin versions, circulated as a propaganda tool in the diplomatic war that Pombal waged in Europe against the Society of Jesus.

Provenance:  Ex-Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, with its stamp showing this a deaccessioned duplicate.

Searches of NUC and WorldCat locate only six U.S. libraries reporting ownership of this edition.

•  Sabin 14962; Borba de Moraes, Bibliographia brasiliana,194; Palau 58290; Streit, Bibiotheca missionum, III, 747. Not in Borba de Moraes, Bibliografia brasileira do periodo colonial.   Contemporary mottled paper wrappers. Neat, oval Vatican Library stamp on title-page and final blank. A very good copy, clean and with full margins.  (34688)

Dealing Judicially withContraband Smugglers

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•  By this Alvará (13 September 1764) the king addresses matters of jurisdiction in cases against dealers in contraband sugar. (“Alvará, porque V. Magestade ha por bem ordenar que as diligencias preparatorias dos processos verbaes dos Contrabandos, apprehendidos na Alfandegado do assucar da cidade de Lisboa, se fação per ante o Juiz Conservador geral do Commercio. . . . ”)

There are two issues: in this issue on p. [1], the catchword is “hendidos,” and in the other catchword is “hendi-.”

WorldCat locates only the copy at the John Carter Brown Library.

•  Removed from a volume. Light brown stain in lower margin and an even lighter stain in top one; old foliation number neatly inked in upper outer corner of recto. A good exemplar.  (28246)

Hospital Reform forthe Benefit of Orphans

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•  The king has decided that reform and improvement aere needed at the Orphans' Hospital (Hospital dos Expostos) in Lisbon and here issues the decree specifying the changes. (“Alvará, por que Vossa Magestade he servido occorrer com as providencias necessarias para fazer em cessar os inconvenientes, que até agora se praticavam no Hospital dos Expostos: Dando nova forma para as creações, entregas, e educações delles . . . “).

No copies found via WorldCat or COPAC.

•  Removed from a bound volume; now in modern wrappers. Old foliation neatly inked in upper outer corners; clean, with wide margins.  (28222)

REFORMING the Queen'sHydrotheraphy Hospital at Caldas

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•  The Portuguese king decides to reform and reorganize the Hospital Real das Caldas (a thermal springs treatment center) that Queen Leonor established in 1484. The details of the innovations are detailed here. (“Alvará de Regimento, por que Vossa Magestade, annullando, cassando, e abolindo o antigo Regimento, chamado Compromisso do Hospital Real das Caldas . . . que depois delle se expediram; fazendo cessar a Inspecção, que sobre elle até agora teve a Meza da Consciencia, e Ordens; e separando-o da Adminstração dos Conegos Seculares de S. João Evangelista”).

No copy traced via WorldCat or COPAC.

•  Removed from a volume and laid into modern wrappers. Light stain in outer margin of last leaf with a trace of same showing on a few more inward; old foliation neatly inked in upper outer corners; generally clean, with good margins. One inked, contemporary marginal note.  (28234)

Santarem, Manuel Francisco de Barros, 2. visconde de. Inéditos (Miscellanea). Comp. & ed. by Jordáo de Freitas. Lisboa: Impr. Libanio da Silva, 1914. Small folio. 582 pp.
$150.00

•  Tan sheep, tooled in blind on spine and covers. Some worming, exclusively in margins.  (3606)

How WouldExpulsion “Go” in Portugal?

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•  Seabra da Silva (1732–1813) was a fidalgo and close ally of Pombal in his war on the Jesuits. The present work is a translation of his 1768 work in Portuguese of Petiçaö de recurso apresentada em audiencia publica a Sua Magestade, sobre o ultimo e critico estado desta monarchia, depois que a Sociedade chamada de Jesus, foi desnaturalisada e proscripta dos dominios des França e Hispana.

It is a study of the Society of Jesus and its expulsion from Spain and France and the consequences thereof, and it was presented to Joseph of Portugal so that he might anticipate similar consequences following his order of expulsion.

•  DeBacker-Sommervogel, XI, 1205.   Contemporary vellum over paste boards. Blackened area on spine; bookplate. A clean copy. (20462)

Can’t TrustThose Spaniards

•  During the Seven Years War, Portugal gave support to her traditional ally Great Britain, especially the use of her ports, and with the entry of Spain into the war, the Spanish tried to put a stop to it. First they tried diplomacy, and when that failed they invaded their neighbor, as is here documented. They were beaten off by the Portuguese with British assistance, thus reinforcing Portuguese distrust of their Castilian neighbors and their close ties with Great Britain.

•  Palau 307020. Wrappers stencilled in green with manuscript title on paper label affixed to front wrapper; all edges speckled red. Wrappers with a few tears and a little tattering. Small wormhole in front fly-leaf. A few pencil marks. Inked number on verso of front fly-leaf.  (9044)

Simmons on Gonorrhea, in Portuguese, Widow Printer

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•  The first and only Portuguese appearance of Observations on the Cure of the Gonorrhoea. The author (1750–1813) was a fellow of both the Royal Society and the Society of Antiquaries and served as physician to St. Luke's Hospital, where his accomplishments in treating mental illness led to his becoming physician extraordinary to King George III in 1804. His present treatise, first printed in English in 1780, quickly spread throughout Europe, appearing in several languages (French in 1783, Spanish in 1784, and Italian in 1785); the Portuguese translator (ca. 1760?–1800) was himself a physician and professor of medicine, having received his training at the University of Coimbra, and added his own notes to the text.

Thissole Portuguese edition is now scarce:  WorldCat finds only two institutions reporting copies (Wellcome and the National Library of Medicine). It comes from the press of the Widow Mallen

Provenance:  Spine with printed paper label: “Biblioteca do Prof. C. Sacadura, medicina” — possibly Dr. Sebastiâo Cabral da Costa-Sacadura (1872–1966), a celebrated Portuguese physician, author, medical historian, and professor at the Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa. Later from the residue of the stock of the F. Thomas Heller bookselling firm (est. ca. 1928).

•  Blake, NLM 18th Century, p. 419. Not in Garrison & Morton.   Contemporary mottled sheep, spine with gilt-ruled compartments containing small gilt-stamped floral decorations; binding rubbed with portions of leather acid-damaged, spine label now absent, foot of spine with paper shelving label as above. Back pastedown lifted, sewing loosening, small area of pinhole worming in upper inner corner of first few leaves not touching text. A very few small spots, pages otherwise clean.  (40093)

Coimbra's DesperateSweets Situation

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•  At the midpoint of the 18th century the students at the University of Coimbra were living in a crisis situation: Satisfying their sweet tooth was proving impossible! Our anonymous writer was clearly a student at the university and here surveys the sorry state of sweet supplies in the town. First, they are too expensive and deplete the pockets of coin for gambling, Second, they aresimply not good. The various sugar-rich treats (necessities?) are brought before the Deputy Judges of the Baize College (i.e., set on the card table) and put on trial. The judges review the qualities and problems of presented açucar rosada, caramels, alfenim, coated almonds, marmalade, candied plums, Brazilian lime conserves, and other delicacies that are all found wanting.

A marvelous example of college culinary humor and a great snapshot of Coimbra's confectionary habits.

Provenance:  19th-century ownership stamp of the Duke of Palmel on title-page; provenance noted with thanks to Richard Ramer.

Searches of NUC, WorldCat, COPAC, and Probase find only the three copies, all held in the Portuguese National Library.

•  Title-leaf torn across and longitudinally at midpoint, with old repair on verso and leaf crumpled; spine with a strip of brown faux leather. Clearly a battered survivor of a small press run produced entirely for immediate, highly local chuckles.  (39893)

UncommonSpanish-Language Edition

Vertot, René Aubert de.

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•  First Spanish edition of this important Portuguese history by the Abbé de Vertot, focusing on the 1640 revolution in which the "Spanish captivity" was ended and the house of Braganza brought to power. Jefferson's library contained a copy in the original French, and, following its first printing in that language in 1689, the work was translated into a number of other tongues, with the present Spanish rendition being now significantly less common than most others.

Provenance: With the armorial bookplate of D. Feliciano Ramirez de Arellano, Marqués de la Fuensanta del Valle, and bookseller's ticket from a Lisboa dealer.

•  Palau 361040. Contemporary treed calf, spine gilt extra with gilt-stamped leather title label, covers showing only light wear; joints and board edges rubbed, leather lost over spine head and cracking over foot, spine also with small traces of paper label. Hinges slightly tender. (4260)

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